Animal Slaughter & Secretion Derivatives

Albumin refers to globular proteins, most commonly derived from chicken egg whites (ovalbumin) or blood serum (bovine serum albumin).

Beeswax is a biological wax secreted by worker honeybees from eight wax-secreting abdominal glands to construct the hexagonal honeycomb cells of their hive. Harvesting beeswax deprives bee colonies of their architectural habitat and food storage infrastructure, classifying it as strictly non-vegan.

Bone char is a porous, black, granular material produced by charring cattle bones at high temperatures (over 700°C / 1292°F). It is commercially used as a decolourising filter in traditional cane sugar refining and is strictly not vegan.

Butter is made by churning fresh or fermented cream or milk. Ghee is clarified butter fat.

Casein is the primary protein found in mammalian milk (accounting for ~80% of cow's milk protein).

Dairy milk is produced by lactating cows, goats, sheep, or buffalo for their offspring.

Eggs are laid by female birds (principally domestic chickens). Veganism rejects the commodification of reproductive animal bodies.

Gelatin is a protein obtained by boiling skin, tendons, ligaments, and bones of cows or pigs with water. It is strictly an animal product.

Ghee is clarified butter made by simmering cow or buffalo milk butter until milk solids separate. Because it is 100% dairy-derived, it is not vegan.

Heavy cream is the high-fat fraction skimmed from the top of milk before homogenization.

Honey is produced by bees for their own nutritional needs. Harvesting it involves exploitation and harm to bee colonies.

Isinglass is a collagen substance obtained from the dried swim bladders of fish. It is traditionally added to cask ales and wines to accelerate clarification.

Lanolin is a waxy substance secreted by the sebaceous glands of wool-bearing sheep. It is washed from sheep wool after shearing.

Lard is rendered pig fat obtained from fatty tissue of pigs. It is strictly an animal fat.

Traditional commercial marshmallows are made with animal gelatin (derived from pig and cattle skin and bones) to achieve their signature squishy, chewy texture. They are not vegan.

Paneer is a non-aged, non-melting soft cheese made by curdling cow or buffalo milk with lemon juice, vinegar, or citric acid. Because it is made from animal milk, it is not vegan.

Authentic Parmesan (Parmigiano-Reggiano PDO) is strictly made with cow's milk and calf rennet enzyme from animal stomachs.

Traditional rennet is an enzyme complex harvested from the fourth stomach (abomasum) of slaughtered unweaned calves. Microbial or vegetable rennet is vegan.

Tallow is rendered fat prepared from beef or mutton suet. It is 100% animal-derived.

Whey is the liquid remaining after milk has been curdled and strained during cheese making. It is directly animal-derived.